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Introduction to SQL and SQL Data Formats SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language, is the foundation of relational databases. It is the standard language for querying and managing data in systems that rely on structured, tabular data. Data is stored in tables with rows and columns in SQL databases, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. These databases use a Schema-on-write approach, meaning the structure of the data is defined and enforced before data is inserted into the system. SQL databases rely on well-defined schemas to ensure data consistency and integrity. They adhere to ACID principles—Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability—which guarantees that transactions are processed reliably. For instance, in a banking system where every transaction must be recorded accurately, SQL databases are ideal because they ensure that every deposit, withdrawal, or transfer is handled securely and consistently. Understanding NoSQL and NoSQL Data Formats NoSQL stands for “...